What is the name for the event which saw the downfall of Robespierre? National Constituent Assembly assumed its power. The Convention thought that they could force everyone to comply with their vision of revolutionary government through terroristic methods. Who supported the Girondins in the Provinces? INTRODUCTION. The philosophers did scrutinise the government, specifically denying that God chose a King to lead the country. In Document A, where some of the rights declared in the Declaration of Rights of Man. D. First, the external threat involved many foreigners, The Reign of Terror was a time when many people were getting executed by the guillotine for even the smallest of reasons. Was The Reign Of Terror Justified? - Internet Public Library He was thought to be protecting the French Revolution by creating this. Keep in mind: This sample was shared by another student. Reign of Terror | History, Significance, & Facts | Britannica Which of these French political groups was most involved in carrying out the violence of the Reign of Terror? Content verified by subject matter experts, Free StudySmarter App with over 20 million students. The Reign of Terror was just like how its name sounded; terrifying. For example in Document 6 it talks about the impact that The Reign of Terror had on citizens in Paris in 1793. 6) This event ended with the beheading of Robespierre, one of the founders of the Reign of Terror, because suspicion became too disorderly and was destroying France as a whole. Jacques Necker financed the war by raising loans instead of taxes. This category only includes cookies that ensures basic functionalities and security features of the website. The National Convention supported the Committee's near-dictatorial power as they thought offering them expansive powers would lead to efficiency of government. The worst burden was paying rent to the landlords the rent increased during the second half of the 18th century due to the population growth. It undermined the necessity of strict wartime measures and the legitimacy of the Revolutionary Government, which had justified extreme measures as necessary to resist foreign powers. A Handbook of Greek Mythology. What was the Reign of Terror and why was it important? (2015). Robespierre prospered with the help of the Jacobins, who were the most radical and ruthless of the political groups formed in the wake of the French Revolution., Twelve Who Ruled Book Review In September 1793 to July 1794, the Reign of Terror killed over 40,000 people in France using the guillotine a machine that made it a simple way to execute a mass amount of people. Many French soldiers who fought for the Independence of America were exposed to revolutionary ideals (liberty and democracy), diminishing the support for the King even more. Why were the Vendean peasant fighters referred to as royalist Vendees? Robespierre was the mastermind of the Reign of Terror. Hamilton, E. (2013). Why were the Jacobins concerned about counter-revolutionaries? What did Robespierre justify? This shows within the lines, and Without these departments [lack of troops], this unfortunate region would today have fallen to the rebels.. The Reign of Terror began after the execution of Louis XVI in January 1793 to late July 1794. Political crisis was another reason. Sorry, we could not paraphrase this essay. StudySmarter is commited to creating, free, high quality explainations, opening education to all. Pache becoming a Mayor implied that the Montagnards would secure more control over the Commune of Paris. People may wonder if the Reign of Terror was even justifiable, stating that the French Revolution would have gone through successfully without it, but in all actuality the Reign of Terror was justified by Frances internal and external conflicts along with newer humane methods of ending peoples lives., The execution of Louis XVI marked the beginning of the 18 month period of the French Revolution that has come to be called The Reign of Terror(49). A period of political violence during the French Revolution, between 1793 and 1794 and carried out by the Committee for Public Safety. Everything you need to know on . It [], Having surfaced from the of the Classical period, the romantic period in music came into existence, going against musical limits and increasing orchestral powers to exemplify extra ideas in music that had never been embodied []. The main cause of the Terror was the perceived disunity of France at a time of extreme political instability in the face of internal crisis and external threats. Decent Essays Justification of the Use of Terror: How it Ultimately Led to the Downfall of Maximilien Robespierre The French Revolution is arguably the bloodiest period in French history, with men such as Maximilien Robespierre leading the country into a situation of state sponsored terror. When Robespierre was arrested on 9 Thermidor, he was rendered momentarily speechless. Killing 40,000 people by the guillotine can never be jus defied (Doc F). The philosophers attacked the Church and the government. The ninth right clearly states that All persons are held innocent until they shall have been declared guilty, in other words, everyone has a right to a fair trial. Many people were arrested and executed without trial, and others were simply killed in the street. I believe that the Reign of Terror was unjustified because it was unfair, inhumane, and unnecessary., this was the time after France lost the war against England and the French Monarchy had become bankrupt, The Reign Of Terror was an unjustified part of the French Revolution. To avert the possibility of a counter-revolution, the guards would send people to the guillotines with no remorse. To defend from internal enemies, prominent French leader Robespierre enacted the Reign of Terror. In essence, The Reign of Terror, depending on the perspective can be justified, unjustified, or even mostly justified. Presentation styles: Explore different ways of presenting The Civil Constituent of the Clergy that subordinated the Church to the Revolutionary government and prohibited the Church to swear allegiance to any foreign authority caused major outrage among the Vendee population. How did the Revolutionaries refer to the peasant fighters? The guillotine became one of the most powerful symbols of the French Revolution It had a sharp, angled blade, which dropped quickly on a guided track(65). Princeton University Press. The King also refused to implement the constitution of 1791, which he had agreed previously to. As a result, increasingly terroristic methods were used to maintain the unity of the country. During the time of the Terror, 1793-1794, a total of 14,000 people were executed from the guillotine, firing squads, or other methods of torture. Their prolonged defeats created paranoia around the continued threat of invasion. After the death of Louis XVI, the Reign of Terror consumed the country in 1793. There was a sense of emergency among leading politicians in France in the summer of 1793 between the widespread civil war and counter-revolution. This served as a justification for the violence of the Terror, necessary to unify France in the face of foreign threats. He claimed that the only way to go through with the french revolution was to rid France of all their enemies and potential threats by beheading them at the guillotine. To replace Catholicism Maximilien Robespierre attempted to create a form of. Juries could only acquit or sentence the accused to death. The first tangible rejection of Catholicism came with the Civil Constitution of the Clergy, issued on 12 July 1790. (Doc. The Reign of Terror had the opposite results to those intended. 7. Cult of the Supreme Being: a religion of 'reason' created by Robespierre based on Enlightenment values. A second reason the Reign of Terror was not justified would be all of the rights that were denied from the people of France as well as the horrendous and bloody actions committed during the terror. 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Maximilien Robespierre, the leader of the Committee of Public Safety, introduced new legislation and expressed his ideals in a series of speeches. These speeches touched on the nature of public virtue and theory of revolutionary government. He thought that Liberty could not be secured unless criminals lose their heads. The Reign of Terror increased unrest in France and turned the National Assembly against Robespierre and the Girondins, leading to Robespierre's downfall in the Thermidorian Reaction. Be perfectly prepared on time with an individual plan. The Reign of Terror was a radical event during the French Revolution with Maximillen Robespierre and Jean-Paul Marat. Laws were passed that defined those who should be arrested as counterrevolutionaries, and committees of surveillance were set up to identify suspects and issue arrest warrants. During the period 1789 to 1794, somewhere between 20,000 and 40,000 innocent people were killed, and the homes and property of many more citizens were destroyed. The national assembly created The Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizens to give all citizens the same rights: liberty, property, security, and resistance to oppression (Doc. Was The Reign Of Terror Justified Essay Example | GraduateWay During those eighteen months, more than 20,00 French people were put to death by the guillotine. No one believed Marat until he was assassinated in his bathtub by Mad Marie Ann Charlotte Corday, then people started to realize that Marat was right. Many became utterly disillusioned with the Revolution and even called for a return to the monarchy. UNRV History - Roman Empire - Reign of Terror, World History Encyclopedia - Reign of Terror, Ancient Origins - Reign of Terror Victims Found Hidden in the Walls of a Paris Church, prisoners awaiting execution during the Reign of Terror. One thing is that it had people moving to the suburbs more because less people got executed from there because there were thought to be more hierarchies living out there. The. On August 26 The Declaration of Rights of Man and Citizen was signed and put into action. Some individuals were imprisoned or executed for having been wealthy, or talking to other people outside of their homes. The effects of the Terror were devastating to France. This essay was donated by a student and is likely to have been used and submitted before, Free samples may contain mistakes and not unique parts. Robespierre & the Death Penalty - World History Encyclopedia What were the causes of the Reign of Terror? The publication of the manifesto by the Austrian commander, the duke of Brunswick, asserting the intent of Austria to restore the Kings powers, pushed everyone over the edge. In Document C, it was the day of Cordays execution. These hateful and vengeful acts led to an outburst of fear amongst the french people. The Reign of Terror (179394) was a period of violence during the French Revolution incited by several factors such as political and religious upheaval. Although it helped the government by getting rid of Louis XVI, The Reign of Terror was unjustified because it took away freedom of speech, religion, and killed thousands of people., The Reign of Terror started after the French republic was established. The first reason why The Reign of Terror was not justified was because of the barbaric The sans-culottes would be the backbone of the Revolution in its early years. The war lasted more than five years, ending in 1797, and took place mainly along the eastern borders of France, with fighting in Flanders (now in Belgium), along the Rhine, and Italy. Police spies were present all over Paris arresting both guilty and innocent, executing them because of pure suspicion. Several future French leaders got their start during this war, most notably a young Napolon Bonaparte who helped retake the southern city of Toulon from an alliance of French royalists and Coalition forces in 1793. The death of Danton would come back to haunt Robespierre. Oxford University Press. Name the consequences of the Federalist revolts. Was The Reign Of Terror Justified Dbq Essay - bartleby They would cut the heads of criminals and even innocent without trial. B. Noelle Plack, 'Challenges in the Countryside, 17902', in David Andress (ed.). There are several reasons why the Reign of Terror was unjustified. How did the Reign of Terror affect France? The Blues supported the Republicans, while the Blancs supported the monarchy and the Church. Blog. The Thermidorian Reaction on 27 July 1794 (9 Thermidor Year II in the revolutionary calendar) was a parliamentary revolt against Maximilien Robespierre, who had been the leader of the National Convention since June 1794. They were supporters of the ancien regime (monarchy) and desired to restore the influence of the Catholic Church. Individual freedoms and social equality would flourish under these principles, but Robespierres power went to his head. The Girondins also lacked backing of the National Guard. The year of terror is one of the most complex and misunderstood periods in the French Revolution. The National Assembly, with the leadership of Robespierre, was designed to give every man equal rights. Reason #3: Restatement of the Question: The Reign of Terror: Was it Justified? Home Essay Samples History Reign of Terror The Justification of the Reign of Terror During the French Revolution. Over the next few days, around 100 supporters of Robespierre were executed. The Terror had an economic side embodied in the Maximum, a price-control measure demanded by the lower classes of Paris, and a religious side that was embodied in the program of de-Christianization pursued by the followers of Jacques Hbert. I. Know about the causes and effects of the Reign of Terror, This article was most recently revised and updated by, https://www.britannica.com/event/Reign-of-Terror. 3. This instability showed itself in religious and popular rebellions as well as disagreements over the management of those threats. Like the Girondins, Federalists favoured a decentralised France. Around whom was the Girondin faction formed? Jean- Paul Marat, one of the leaders of the National Assembly, promoted the Reign of Terror. Dominique Garat, a French writer and a Girondin member, became a leader of the Ministry of the Interior. 2. The first reason as to why the Reign of Terror was not justified is because Enlightenment ideas were ignored. They justified these executions as necessary to unify France against the threat of the First Coalition. While fighting in war they had three things on their mind which were, "to protect the new government at home; to spread the revolutionary ideals of liberty, equality and fraternity beyond its borders; and to punish the French migrs. Was the Reign of Terror Justified? - CGAA He claimed that the only way to go through with the french revolution was to rid France of all their enemies and potential threats by beheading them at the guillotine. He was trying to form a new government but instead caused thousands of people to be massacred. During the Reign of Terror, Maximilien Robespierre and the Girondins used the powers of the Committee of Public Safety to execute around 17,000 suspected 'counter-revolutionaries' and imprison many more. Many did not wish to fight for the government that sent their priests to prison and sold all the Churchs land. Also, governments got overturned because people didnt want an absolute monarchy., The French Revolution demonstrated that the magnitude of violence is probable to be larger after the first incident of revolution. Imagine having one dominant monarch commanding what one shall do, eat, and make everyone pay high taxes. However, for the most part, it destabilized the country, rather than solidifying the gains of the Revolution and leading to a virtuous and happy republic, as its authors had hoped. Pearson. These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. These ideas did no harm; they were beneficial and very true., The Reign of Terror began because of the growing suspicion of common people supporting the nobles, and the monarchy. Set individual study goals and earn points reaching them. Other laws set up government control of prices, confiscated lands from those found guilty of failing to support the Revolution, and brought public assistance to the poor and disabled. Robespierre was the mastermind of the Reign of Terror. Inspired by enlightenment thinkers Montesquieu and Rousseau, he believed in the importance of a government by terror. What was the consequence of the Louis XVI execution? The tribunal's creation was a response to several uprisings that sprung up all over France against the National Convention, known as the Federalist Revolts. Why did the revolutionary government approve so many killings? The need for Terror was increased by the constant pressure on the Convention from ultra-revolutionary groups. 31115 Period 2 Was the Reign Of Terror Justified? About 300,000 people were arrested, and 17,000 of them were tried and executed. Rose, H. J. What began as a march to Versailles to acquire King Louis XVIs attention to end the grievances of the general population in 1789, soon spiraled into what became known as The French Revolution. The date of the First French Republic's establishment in 1792 became Year I. Also known simply as 'The Terror', the Reign of Terror was incited by factors such as political and religious upheaval. It created the Law of Suspects in September 1793, arresting many dissenting priests. Ultimately, the Thermidorian reaction and the fall of Robespierre brought an end to the Terror and the beginning of the White Terror. I believe that the Reign of Terror was unjustified because it was unfair, inhumane, and unnecessary., shows that the Reign of Terror was not justified by the threats to the French government, The Reign Of Terror was an unjustified part of the French Revolution. Why Is The Reign Of Terror Justified The Reign of Terror was a moment in french history that began in 1793 and ended a year later in 1794. This was because Louis was having financial, and harvest issues. 1 / 47 1789 Click the card to flip Flashcards Learn Test Match Created by taylortonkovich Terms in this set (47) What year did the French Rev. National Convention: a unicameral (one house only) parliament that governed France from August 1792 to October 1795. Robespierre justifies the use of terror (1794) - Alpha History The Reign of Terror was led by Robespierre and the National Convention. The letter from the Vendee to the National Convention expressed that the government was losing poorly to the rebels. The War of the First Coalition started when France declared war on Austria on 20 April 1792, following the Pillnitz Declaration, rapidly bringing Austria's ally, Prussia, into the war against France. Was The Reign Of Terror Justified - StudyMode Test your knowledge with gamified quizzes. The Reign of Terror (AKA The Terror) was a period during the French Revolution that was filled with violence which lasted from June 1793-July 1794. The people supported the Reign of Terror, which shown in the lines, The Executioner showed it [ Cordays head ] to the people, and the blood which was then extravasated, had restored to her cheeks, its former animated glow: shouts of Vive la Republique [ Long Live The Republic ] were new heard.. Was the Federalist army under the command of Wimpffen successful during the Battle of Brecourt? Identify your study strength and weaknesses. In June of 1789 King Louis called the Estates Meeting to discuss taxes and money problems. Gradesfixer , The Justification of the Reign of Terror During the French Revolution., The Justification of the Reign of Terror During the French Revolution [Internet]. It was on these tenets that the revolution began and ironically only four years later a man of great strength would take control of France and begin the Reign of Terror, this man was Maximilien Robespierre. Updates? The Reign Of Terror Was Unjustified Dbq Essay - StudyMode Filled with paranoia and fear caused by the Terror, the people wanted to eliminate Robespierre because he had grown to become almost dictator-like. The Reign of Terror was just like how its name sounded; terrifying. 2. Was The Reign Of Terror Justified Analysis - 233 Words - StudyMode These cookies do not store any personal information. Then some men disliked what Louis was talking about so they stormed out and filed into a tennis court, and vowed not to leave until they created a new constitution. Aesthetics, in a general sense, [], This book includes many primary sources and is even accompanied by an introduction analyzing and explaining the content. After the French got rid of King Louis XIV and Queen Antoinette they had a leader from the Revolution become the monarch; his name was Napoleon. Napoleon Bonaparte stabilized and united French society, yet supported the ideals of French Revolution., The ideas that came from the American Revolution and the Enlightenment, as well as the heavy taxes, extremely high price of food, and lack of government representation caused the French citizens to rebel against the government. At the end of March 1794, Georges Danton, a vocal critic of the Committee of Public Safety, was arrested on charges of financial corruption and conspiracy. French Revolution Dbq Essay 326 Words | 2 Pages. Robespierre justified his beliefs by saying stuff like: To punish the oppressors of humanity is clemency; to forgive them is barbarity., Not only was the Reign of Terror a big part of the French Revolution but it was a very unjustified event, creating sins among the people.